Egypt’s New Leader Takes Oath, Promising to Work for Release of Jailed Terrorist
Tomas Munita for The New York Times
By DAVID D. KIRKPATRICK
Published: June 29, 2012 87 Comments
CAIRO — President-elect Mohamed Morsi
of the Muslim Brotherhood pre-empted the military’s choreographed
swearing-in ceremony by taking an oath of office a day early on Friday,
in a televised speech to tens of thousands of supporters in Tahrir
Square.
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But a promise Mr. Morsi made as part of his speech may provoke Washington: to work for the release of Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman,
the Egyptian-born militant Islamist convicted after the 1993 World
Trade Center attack of plotting to bomb several New York City landmarks.
Mr. Morsi referred briefly to Mr. Abdel Rahman in an almost offhand
aside in the context of a vow to free Egyptian civilians imprisoned here
after military trials under the rule of the generals. “I see signs for
Omar Abdel Rahman and detainees’ pictures,” he said. “It is my duty and I
will make all efforts to have them free, including Omar Abdel Rahman.”
A Brotherhood spokesman said later that Mr. Morsi intended to ask
federal officials in the United States to have Mr. Abdel Rahman
extradited to Egypt
on humanitarian grounds. He was not seeking to have Mr. Abdel Rahman’s
convictions overturned or calling him a political prisoner.
An Obama administration official, speaking on the condition of
anonymity, shrugged it all off as empty talk, saying, “There is zero
chance this happens.”
Egyptians were far more concerned about the spectacle of the speech in
Tahrir Square — the proving ground of the country’s revolution — as the
latest power play in the standoff between the Muslim Brotherhood and the
ruling generals over Egypt’s future.
“I come to you as the source of legitimacy,” Mr. Morsi declared,
pointedly pledging his allegiance to the public and eschewing the
institutions of the government of his ousted predecessor, Hosni Mubarak.
“Everyone hears me, all the people and the cabinet and government,
army, police. There is no authority over this authority. You have the
power!”
His soaring talk of popular sovereignty, however, appeared to be an
attempt to cover up for an early concession to the generals, who still
cling to power.
On the eve of Mr. Morsi’s election, the generals dissolved Parliament,
seized its powers and issued a new interim charter depriving the office
of Egypt’s president of much of its authority. They also stipulated that
the president should swear the oath in front of the Mubarak-appointed
judges of the Supreme Constitutional Court.
That same court had issued a hurried decision authorizing the generals
to dissolve Parliament, and the generals’ new interim Constitution
assigned the court a role overseeing the drafting of a new, permanent
charter. Swearing-in before the court, then, was seen a tacit
recognition of its authority and that of the generals.
The Brotherhood and Mr. Morsi demanded that the swearing-in take place
before a reinstalled Parliament, as did thousands of their supporters
who have occupied Tahrir Square for more than a week demanding the
return of Parliament and the withdrawal of the interim charter.
But on Friday it became clear that Mr. Morsi had agreed to take his
formal oath in front of the court — which he did Saturday — and that
his Tahrir Square speech was in part an effort to distract from that
agreement.
An engineering professor with only a short history in electoral
politics, Mr. Morsi has never been known as an orator. Even on Friday he
read from a prepared speech held chest-high, often balancing it
awkwardly in the same hand as his microphone.
Still, his speech was unexpectedly rousing. The staging might have
helped. An advance team arrived early to build a platform much grander
than the usual Tahrir Square pedestals, reflecting his status as
president-elect. It was then decorated with banners proclaiming, “No to
dissolving Parliament!” a denunciation of the military’s power grab.
His new retinue of presidential guards accompanied Mr. Morsi, who at the
start of the speech, pushed aside two heavily armed soldiers in
bulletproof vests so he could stand face to face with the crowd.
“I am here today with you, with the Egyptian people,” he said. Later,
pulling open his sport coat, he said: “I have nothing to protect me from
any bullets. I fear God almighty and then I work for you.” The moment
was in vivid contrast to Mr. Mubarak’s heavily guarded public speeches.
Few Egyptians appeared to notice Mr. Morsi’s comments about Mr. Abdel
Rahman, and it was not clear whether they might play into suspicions
among some in Washington of the president-elect’s roots in the Muslim
Brotherhood, an 84-year-old Islamist group with a history of opposition
to the policies of the United States and Israel.
In an interview with Shadi Hamid of the Brookings Doha Center, Mr. Morsi
once said he harbored suspicions that unknown hands might have played a
role in the attacks on the World Trade Center on Sept. 11, 2001.
“When you come and tell me that the plane hit the tower like a knife in
butter, then you are insulting us,” Mr. Morsi said, according to an
article Mr. Hamid wrote in Foreign Policy magazine. “How did the plane
cut through the steel like this? Something must have happened from the
inside.”
Although it is nearly impossible to find an Egyptian who supports
terrorist attacks like those on Sept. 11 or the 1993 car bombing of the
World Trade Center garage, many are very skeptical of official American
accounts about who was responsible.
Mr. Morsi’s pledge to seek Mr. Abdel Rahman’s extradition may also play
well with Egyptians who perceived Mr. Mubarak as a lackey to Washington.
But it runs sharply counter to assiduous efforts over many years by
Brotherhood leaders to convince the West that their group advocates only
peaceful reform and does not condone violence.
Mr. Abdel Rahman, who is blind, is serving a life sentence at a federal
prison in North Carolina. He was convicted of conspiring to conduct a
war of urban terrorism against the United States through acts that
included the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, though he was not accused
of helping to carry out that attack. He was also convicted of plotting
to kill Mr. Mubarak during a planned visit by the Egyptian leader to New
York in 1993 that never materialized.
After Mr. Morsi’s speech, Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg of New York said,
“The conviction of Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman was a measure of justice
against a man who tried to kill so many, and New Yorkers would oppose
any effort to undermine him serving his life sentence.”
Michael B. Mukasey, the judge who presided over Mr. Abdel Rahman’s trial
in 1995 and is now in private practice, said: “This guy is not a
political prisoner. He was convicted in a system that leans heavily in
favor of defendants, and every benefit of that system was given to
him.”
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